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Genetic study and molecular breeding for high phosphorus use efficiency in maize

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《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第4期页码 366-379 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019278

摘要：

Phosphorus is the second most important macronutrient after nitrogen and it has many vital functions in the life of plants. Most soils have a low available P content, which has become a key limiting factor for increasing crop production. Also, low P use efficiency (PUE) of crops in conjunction with excessive application of P fertilizers has resulted in serious environmental problems. Thus, dissecting the genetic architecture of crop PUE, mining related quantitative trait loci (QTL) and using molecular breeding methods to improve high PUE germplasm are of great significance and serve as an efficient approach for the development of sustainable agriculture. In this review, molecular and phenotypic characteristics of maize inbred lines with high PUE, related QTL and genes as well as low-P responses are summarized. Based on this, a breeding strategy applying genomic selection as the core, and integrating the existing genetic information and molecular breeding techniques is proposed for breeding high PUE maize inbred lines and hybrids.

关键词： maize phosphorus use efficiency quantitative trait loci genetic study molecular breeding genomic selection

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Statistical considerations for genomic selection

Huimin KANG, Lei ZHOU, Jianfeng LIU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第3期页码 268-278 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017164

摘要： Genomic selection is becoming increasingly important in animal and plant breeding, and is attracting greater attention for human disease risk prediction. This review covers the most commonly used statistical methods and some extensions of them, i.e., ridge regression and genomic best linear unbiased prediction, Bayesian alphabet, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. Then it discusses the measurement of the performance of genomic selection and factors affecting the prediction of performance. Among the measurements of prediction performance, the most important and commonly used measurement is prediction accuracy. In simulation studies where true breeding values are available, accuracy of genomic estimated breeding value can be calculated directly. In real or industrial data studies, either training-testing approach or -fold cross-validation is commonly employed to validate methods. Factors influencing the accuracy of genomic selection include linkage disequilibrium between markers and quantitative trait loci, genetic architecture of the trait, and size and composition of the training population. Genomic selection has been implemented in the breeding programs of dairy cattle, beef cattle, pigs and poultry. Genomic selection in other species has also been intensively researched, and is likely to be implemented in the near future.

关键词： genomic estimated breeding value genomic selection linkage disequilibrium statistical methods

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Isolating higher yielding and more stable rice genotypes in stress environments: fine-tuning a selection

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023521

摘要：

● Score index methods readily discriminate genotypes adapted to a target environment.

关键词： Aerobic rice breeding selection drought resilience production capacity index resilience capacity index stress score index upland

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Comments on this special issue on “Wheat Genetics and Breeding”

Zhonghu HE, Xu LLU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第3期页码 309-309 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019264

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Highlights of special issue on “Wheat Genetics and Breeding”

Zhonghu HE, Zhendong ZHAO, Shunhe CHENG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第3期页码 207-209 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019263

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Genomics and genetic breeding in aquatic animals: progress and prospects

Wenteng XU, Songlin CHEN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第3期页码 305-318 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017154

摘要： Genomics focuses on dissection of genome structure and function to provide a molecular basis for understanding the genetic background. In a pivotal step, the expense of whole genome sequencing has been largely eliminated by the rapid updating of sequencing technology, leading to increasing numbers of decoded genomes of aquatic organisms, driving the aquaculture industry into the genomic era. Multiple aquatic areas have been influenced by these findings, such as accelerated generation shift in the seed industry and the process of breeding improved lines. In this article, we have summarized the latest domestic and international progress of aquatic animals in nine aspects, including WGS and fine mapping, construction of high density genetic/physical maps, trait-related marker/genes screening, as well as sex control, genome editing, and other molecular breeding technologies. Finally, the existing problems in this field have been discussed and five future counter measures have been proposed accordingly.

关键词： aquaculture genomics genetic breeding progress

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Review on ranking and selection: A new perspective

L. Jeff HONG, Weiwei FAN, Jun LUO

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第3期页码 321-343 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0152-6

摘要： In this paper, we briefly review the development of ranking and selection (R&S) in the past 70 years, especially the theoretical achievements and practical applications in the past 20 years. Different from the frequentist and Bayesian classifications adopted by Kim and Nelson (2006b) and Chick (2006) in their review articles, we categorize existing R&S procedures into fixed-precision and fixed-budget procedures, as in Hunter and Nelson (2017). We show that these two categories of procedures essentially differ in the underlying methodological formulations, i.e., they are built on hypothesis testing and dynamic programming, respectively. In light of this variation, we review in detail some well-known procedures in the literature and show how they fit into these two formulations. In addition, we discuss the use of R&S procedures in solving various practical problems and propose what we think are the important research questions in the field.

关键词： ranking and selection hypothesis testing dynamic programming simulation

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Wheat research and breeding in the new era of a high-quality reference genome

Rudi APPELS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第3期页码 225-232 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019265

摘要：

The publications of the International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC) released in August 2018 are reviewed and placed into the context of developments arising from the availability of the high-quality wheat genome assembly.

关键词： assembly technology molecular markers polyploidy transcript networks wheat genome

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Control mode selection for modal control of long-span arch bridge

Zhengying LI, Zhengliang LI,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第4期页码 401-406 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0052-z

摘要： For seismic control of arch bridge, a model reduction of long-span arch bridge was implemented based on modal analysis. As for the critical mode selection, an approach based on the maximum modal displacement was presented. This approach takes into consideration the effect of external seismic excitation and is more reasonable than only considering dynamic bridge characteristics based on a modal contribution ratio. The time domain and frequency domain analysis method were used to verify the simplified model of the Nimu arch bridge in Tibet as an example. The numerical results show that the method of maximal modal displacement better analyze long-span arch bridge when multisupport seismic excitation must be considered. The reduced-order system also is more in line with the performance of the original model.

关键词： selection reduced-order excitation long-span simplified

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水产育种生物技术发展战略研究

陈松林,徐文腾,卢昇,胡炜,王德寿,胡晓丽,周茜,刘清华,赵紫霞,覃钦博,王师,刘洋,崔忠凯

《中国工程科学》 2023年第25卷第4期页码 214-226 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.07.023

摘要： Evaluation of the 2b-RAD method for genomic selection in scallop breeding [J]‍.in three generations of a commercial rainbow trout breeding population [J]‍.Evaluation of the 2b-RAD method for genomic selection in scallop breeding [J]‍.Predictive ability of genomic selection models for breeding value estimation on growth traits of PacificGraph pangenome captures missing heritability and empowers tomato breeding [J]‍.

关键词：生物技术；水产育种技术；传统育种技术；分子育种技术；智能育种技术

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油菜转基因育种研究进展

官春云

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第8期页码 34-39

摘要：

简要介绍了国外油菜转基因育种情况，包括转除草剂抗性基因，病原菌抗性基因，耐重金属基因，影响种子贮藏产物基因，影响繁殖特性基因，医药和工业产品基因，以及启动子调节基因等。较详细介绍了湖南农业大学在Bt毒蛋白基因转化甘蓝型油菜育成抗虫新品系、基因工程雄性不育系、恢复系选育和杂种优势利用，以及反义FAD2基因转化甘蓝型油菜双低品种提高油酸含量的研究结果；浙江省农科院利用反义PEP基因转化甘蓝型油菜提高种子含油量的研究结果。

关键词：油菜转基因育种

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Breeding for the resistance to

Hongxiang MA, Xu ZHANG, Jinbao YAO, Shunhe CHENG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第3期页码 251-264 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019262

摘要：

With the changes of climate and cultivation systems, the head blight (FHB) epidemic area in China has extended since 2000 from the reaches of the Yangtze River to the north and west winter wheat region. Breeding for FHB resistance in wheat is an effective way to control the disease. Chinese wheat breeders commenced research on FHB in the 1950s. Sumai 3, Ning 7840, Yangmai 158, Ningmai 9 and other cultivars with improved FHB resistance were developed through standard breeding methods and widely applied in production or breeding programs. In addition to intervarietal crosses, alien germplasm was used to improve FHB resistance of wheat. Addition, substitution and translocation lines with alien chromosomes or chromosome fragments were created to enhance FHB resistance. Somaclonal variation was also used to develop a FHB resistant cv. Shengxuan 3 and other cultivars with moderate resistance to FHB were released by such methods. QTL (quantitative trait loci) for FHB resistance were characterized in cultivars originating from China. The major QTL, , was identified on chromosome 3BS in Sumai 3, Ning 894037, Wangshuibai and other Chinese resistant sources. Diagnostic molecular markers for 1 have been applied in wheat breeding and breeding lines with improved FHB resistance and desirable agronomic traits have been obtained. However, breeding for FHB resistance is a long-term task, new technologies are likely to increase the efficiency of this process and better FHB resistance of new cultivars is expected to be achieved within the next decade.

关键词： breeding Fusarium head blight wheat

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痩肉猪育种的发展及展望

熊远著

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第9期页码 42-46

摘要：

文章对世界的猪育种过程特别是中国的瘦肉猪育种，从猪种资源调査到优良猪种引进与新品种选育，专门化品系选育与配套利用，种猪测定等方面进行了回顾，就分子生物技术在猪遗传育种中的应用及取得的成果作了简要概述。展望了21世纪瘦肉猪育种的目标，并就新品种培育、猪种资源保存、完善种猪测定体系和加速分子生物技术在猪育种中的应用提出了建议。

关键词：猪瘦肉型育种

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Breeding strategies for increasing yield potential in super hybrid rice

Shihua CHENG,Xiaodeng ZHAN,Liyong CAO

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第4期页码 277-282 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015081

摘要： Super hybrid rice breeding is a new breeding method combining semi-dwarf breeding and heterosis breeding using germplasm and gene-environment interactions. This paper reviews the breeding strategies of super hybrid rice breeding in China, focusing on the utilization of heterosis of indica and japonica subspecies, construction of ideal plant architecture and pyramiding of disease resistant genes in restorer lines. To develop super hybrid rice, considerable effort should be made to explore genes related with high yield, good quality, resistance to pests and diseases, tolerance to stresses. Molecular breeding methods in combination with crossing techniques should be adopted in super hybrid rice breeding.

关键词： super hybrid rice breeding strategies yield potential

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Supplier selection and order splitting in multiple-sourcing inventory systems

WANG Guicong, JIANG Zhaoliang, LI Zhaoqian, LIU Wenping

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第3卷第1期页码 23-27 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0016-3

摘要： Supplier selection and inventory control are critical decision processes in single-item multiple-supplier systems. An integer linear programming model is proposed to help managers determine the reorder level, choose the best suppliers, and place the optimum order quantities so that the total average inventory cost is minimum, and constraints of supplier ability, quality, and demand are considered. An algorithm combining the branch-bound algorithm and enumeration algorithm is developed to solve the problems. Application of the proposed model in an automobile industry shows that it is effective.

关键词： automobile industry branch-bound algorithm selection single-item multiple-supplier effective